琼南沿海低山丘陵森林种子植物区系初步分析

Studies on Floristics of Seed Plants in Coastal Hilly Areas of Southern Hainan Island

在对海南岛南端沿海低山丘陵森林植被进行实地调查的基础上,研究了该地区种子植物区系。结果表明:该地区共有野生种子植物112科484属876种(包括变种);植物区系成分热带性质较强,热带性的科有78科,占总科数的69.64%,其中泛热带分布科有47科,占41.96%,是最大的类型。泛热带和热带亚洲成分的属占优势,各占非世界属总数的33.47%和19.62%;中国特有属有3属,分别为驼峰藤属(Merrillanthus)、海南椴属(Hainania)和乐东藤属(Chunechites),其分布中心为海南岛。热带成分的种占非世界种数的74.94%,明显处于优势地位;中国特有种有204种,占总种数的23.13%,其中海南特有种有78种。与琼北地区种子植物区系比较,两地种子植物区系在物种组成上有明显差异,主要是由于两地不同的气候和地质等自然地理环境因素的区域分异引起的。

The floristics of seed plants in coastal hilly areas of southern Hainan Island was studied on the basis of data of 6 600 m^2 sampling plots and route survey. There were 876 species, belonging to 484 genera and 112 families. There were 78 families of Tropical elements, accounting for 69.64% of the total families. The Tropical elements at genus level were the dominant components, in which the Pantropic genera and Tropical Asian genera contributed 33.47% and 19.62% of the total （excluding cosmopolitan）, respectively. There were 3 genera endemic to China, e.g. Merrillanthus, Hainania and Chunechites. At the species level, Tropical elements contributed 74.94% of the total number of species （excluding cosmopolitan）. There were 204 species endemic to China, accounting for 23.13% of the total species, in which 78 species were endemic to Hainan. Compared with the seed plant flora in the northern Island, it had obvious differences in species composition, due to differences in natural landform and climate.