蒜头果地理分布与水热关系分析

Analysis on Relationship between Geographic Distribution of Malania oleiferaand Hydro-thermal Factors

利用温度指数（WI）、湿润指数（HI）等气候因子，研究了蒜头果（Malaria oleifera Chun et S．Lee）地理分布与气候因子的关系。结果表明，极端最高温、7月均温、年均温、≥10℃年积温和年均降水量是蒜头果分布的主要限制因子；由半峰宽（PWH）计算法确定蒜头果生长的最适温度为18．0-22．0℃，年降水量为1106．5—1585．1mm；水热组合较好的乐业地区是蒜头果的主要分布区。极端高温和干燥的气候可能是蒜头果分布区逐渐缩小并濒危的重要因素。

The relationship between the distribution of Malania oleifera and climatic factors was studied by using WI, HI, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. The results showed that maximum temperature, mean temperature in July, annual average temperature, ≥ 10℃ annual accumulated temperature and annual average precipitation were the main limited factors to the geographical distribution of Malania oleifera. By Peak-Width-Half （PWH） Numeration, the optimum temperature and annual precipitation ranged from 18.0℃ to 22.0℃ and from 1 106.5 mm to 1 58511 mm, respectively. The regions of Leye were the main geographical distribution of Malania olifer due to the hydro-thermal environment. The maximum temperature and arid climate are the significant factors to the distribution of Malania oleifera, and lead to endangerment.