急性髓系白血病预后相关的分子标志

Molecular Markers Related to Prognosis of Acute Myeloid leukemia——Review

众多的无法被细胞遗传学方法检测出来的基因异常(如基因突变及表达异常等)已越来越多的被发现。这使得对不同预后的急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia,AML)的分析进入分子水平。例如:存在转录因子C/EBPα(CCAAT enhancer binding factoralpha,CCAAT增强结合因子α亚单位)或核磷蛋白(nucleophosmin-1,NPM)基因突变的AML往往提示有较好的预后,而有着MLL基因(mixed-lineage leukemia,混合系白血病基因)部分串联重复突变(MLL-PTD),FLT3(FLM样酪氨酸激酶3)基因串联重复突变(FLT3-ITD)以及WT-1(Wilms′Tumor1,肾母细胞瘤1)基因突变的AML却提示不良预后。本文将探讨这些异常基因分子的特点,联系及其对AML预后的影响。

Numerous genetic abnormalities which can not be identified by cytogenetic detection （e. g., gene mutations, gene expression abnormalities ） have been gradually found, which means that the further molecular classification of AML （acute myeloid leukemia） with distinctive prognosis have arrived. For example, mutations of the transcription factor （CCAAT enhancer binding factor alpha, prognosis, whereas partial tandem duplications of the MLL C/EBPα） or nucleophosmin-1 （NPM1） may predict better gene （MLL-PTD）, internal tandem duplications of FLT3 （FLT3-ITD） or mutations of WT1 gene confer worse prognosis. This review focuses on the features and relationship of these genetic abnormalities, as well as their influence on the prognosis of AML.