汉语基本颜色词的词义演变分析

Evolution of Chinese Basic Color Words' Meanings

基本颜色词是具有专门性、代表性和确定性的词的聚合。基本颜色词自产生以来,词义一直处在不断变化和发展中。基本颜色词词义可以分为隐喻义和象征义。语义不断扩展并表现出不平衡性,由表示颜色义扩展到表示性状到象征义的产生,语义不断抽象化。基本颜色词词义的这种演变是隐喻思维的结果,而象征义是隐喻义进一步抽象的结果,它们的产生都有一定的思维模式。

The basic color words are the integration of the words with technicality,representativeness and certainty.The words＇ meanings are changing and developing since the generation of basic color words.Their meanings can be divided into the metaphor meaning and symbolic meaning.The meaning expands and seems to be in imbalance,and abstract from color＇s semantic category to the character category,and then to the symbolic meaning.This kind of evolution is the result of metaphor,while symbolic meaning is the result of metaphorical meaning＇s further abstraction.Both of their generations have certain ideological modes.