四川龙泉湖自然保护区可持续性评价与撤销建议

Sustainability Evaluation and Revocation Proposition of Longquan Lake Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province

龙泉湖自然保护区位于川中盆地西缘，以石盘水库为保护对象。本文首先从自然生态条件、资金与管理、周边社区发展3方面，选取稀有性、多样性、自然性、典型性、面积适宜性、资金状况、管理状况、社区发展8项指标，构建我国自然保护区可持续性综合评价的指标体系。对于面积适宜性，笔者统计得出判别功能区面积比是否适宜的标准，将该指标具体细化。核心一缓冲一实验区面积的合理比例约为0．4：0．1～0．2：O．5～0．4。以这一指标体系，对该保护区予以评分，验证该指标体系的可操作性。评分结果龙泉湖保护区仅得33分，处于不可持续水平。限制因素在自然生态、管理方面，尤其是生态功能重要性太低。进而分析该保护区不具备自然属性，动、植物物种数占四川省的比例很小，无特殊保护价值；且至今未设立保护区管理机构，无专业管护人员，不能履行管理职责。因此，本文建议撤销龙泉湖省级自然保护区，改设为省级水利风景区或湿地公园。

The Longquan Lake Nature Reserve locates in the western margin of the Central Sichuan Basin, which takes the Shipan Reservoir as object of protection. In this paper, from three aspects, i. e. , the natural ecological conditions, fund and administration and development of eircumjacent communities, an index system of overall evaluation on sustainability for nature reserves in China is established. The system consists of eight indexes, i. e. rarity, biodiversity, naturality, typicalness, size appropriateness, financial condition, managerial conditions and community development. As to size appropriateness, a criterion is established by statistics to judge the functional area proportion meeting or under the requirement of a nature reserve. Proper proportions of core zone, buffer zone and experimental zone are 0.4： 0. 1 - 0. 2 and 0. 5- 0.4. The index system is applied to evaluate the Longquan Lake Nature Reserve, so as, to verify the maneuverability of the index system. It obtains a score of 33, indicating an unsustainable level. Its limiting factors are in the aspects of natural ecology and management, especially poor significance of ecological function. Additionally, this nature reserve doesn＇t possess natural property, whose species of animal and plant account for a too small proportion in Sichuan to be worth for specific protection. Up to now the administrative organization has not been set up for this nature reserve yet. No professional staffs are on duty, so its management responsibility cannot be performed. Consequently, it is suggested to repeal the Longquan Lake Nature Reserve at provincial - level, and to transform it into a provincial scenic spot of water conservancy or a provincial wetland park.