甜菜单胚雄性不育系及保持系雌蕊形态学及细胞学研究

Morphological and Cytological Studies of Monogerm Male Sterile and Maintenance Sugarbeet Line in Reproductive Period

以甜菜单胚雄不育系和保持系为材料,用光学显微镜对其雌性器官各部发育进行了比较解剖学观察,结果如下:甜菜雌蕊由3-5枚心皮合生而成,外形可分为柱头、花柱和子房三部分。各部解剖学特征:(1)柱头3-5枚离生稍向外生长,柱头正面由大量乳突细胞组成;(2)花柱短小,半开放形,开口较小,其内充满腺毛状结构;(3)半下位子房,心皮合生一室,在外侧愈合交界处,有发达的盘状蜜腺;胚珠1枚基底胎座,曲生形胚珠,双珠被厚珠心,蓼形胚囊,并有盲囊结构产生。研究表明,甜菜雄不育和可育的雌蕊、胚珠、胚囊形态结构相似,均可正常发育,两者均具有受精与结实能力。

The monogerm male sterile and maintainer sugarbeet lines were conducted to observe the development of their female organ in comparative anatomy by optical microscopy, the following results show that： the sugarbeet pistil is composed of 3-5 piece coadnate carpels, shape include the stigma, style and ovary of three parts. Anatomical characteristics of the ministries are： （1） 3-5 pieces of stigma slightly outward growth, positive stigma is composed of a large number papilla cells; （2） short style, semi-open form, the smaller openings, the inside is full of glandular-like structure; （3） semi-inferior ovary, coadnate carpel in a room, there are well-developed discoid nectary at the junction of the lateral wound healing; a basal ovule placenta, amphitropous ovule, double integument with thick nucellus, Polygonum-shaped embryonary sac with the structure of blind sac.Studies have shown that morphology of pistil, ovule, embryonary sac of the male sterile and maintainer sugarbeet lines were similar with normal development, the both of ability to fertilize and fructification.