超声鉴别不同病因胸腔积液的价值

The Value of Ultrasonic Diagnosis Applied in Pleural Effusions with Different Pathogeny

目的:探讨胸腔积液的超声诊断与鉴别诊断。方法:应用B超检测分析,对110例胸腔积液病例的临床与超声检查资料进行系统的回顾性分析,使用日本东芝-550A,探头频率3.5MHz,患者取平卧位肋下斜切、坐位肋间扫查。总结其超声诊断与鉴别诊断方法。结果:黏连型胸腔积液为63例。(1)结核性胸膜炎47例,占42.7%;其中15例形成包裹。(2)胸膜非特异性炎性胸水占15%:化脓性胸膜炎16例;非黏连型胸腔积液为47例。(1)肝源性胸水26例,占24%。(2)心源性胸水12.7%:心包积液、右心衰10例,全心衰4例。(3)肾源性胸水2.6%;肾病综合症、尿毒症3例。(4)胸膜癌性胸水3%,胸膜转移癌4例。结论:超声对不同病因胸腔积液的诊断与鉴别诊断有重要价值。

Objective： The thesis will discuss the ultrasonic diagnosis and the appraisal diagnosis of the pleural effusions.Methods： Apply B-mode ultrasonic to analyze the clinical experiments and ultrasonic diagnosis of 110 patients with pleural effusions systematically. The author will adopt SSD- 550A.The detector frequency is 3.5 MHz. The ultrasonic will scan the rib while the patients lie down and sit. Summarize the methods of ultrasonic diagnosis and appraisal diagnosis.Results：63 patients were diagnosed as adhesion pleural effusion. （1） 47 cases with tuberculous pleurisy, accounting for 42.7%; 15 cases in which had already formed inclusions. （2） 15% were non-specific inflammatory pleural effusion：16 cases with purulent pleurisy; non-adhesive type for the 47 cases of pleural effusion. （1） 26 cases with hepatic hydrothorax, accounting for 24%. （2） cardiac pleural effusion： pericardial effusion took the percentage of 12.7%：10 cases with right heart failure, 4 cases with whole heart failure. （3） Nephrogenic pleural effusion were 2.6%; 3 cases with uremia and nephritic syndrome. （4） There were 3% patients with pleural malignant pleural effusion, 4 cases with pleural metastasis carcinoma.Conclusion： The ultrasonic has played an important role in the diagnosis of the pleural effusion.