东亚-北美间断分布植物的早期适应性

Early adaptability of Eastern Asian and Northern American disjunction distribution species

东亚-北美间断分布植物类群有不少属在植物系统演化和植物地理学研究中处于重要地位,而且有很多国家重点保护的珍稀濒危物种。通过4年来从国内外收集的8属26种植物种子或苗木的试种试验,根据种子萌发率、幼苗树高年生长势、幼苗成活率、幼苗耐寒性与抗病虫害能力等生存力指标,综合评价引进树种的早期适应性表现。在试种的26种树种中,有5种生长表现优良,适应性指数(AI)>0.8,8种树种表现较好,适应性指数(AI)为0.6～0.8,12种表现一般,适应性指数(AI)为0.4～0.6,1种植物(AI<0.4)因不适应而死亡。原产我国华东地区亚热带山地的种类适应性最佳,生长也最旺盛,而原产南亚热带和西南高原地区的树种适应性较差;在引自国外的树种中,原产日本的树种适应性优于原产北美洲树种。

The Eastern Asian and Northern American disjunction plant species group includes many endangered and rare species, and some important genera such as Pseudotsuga, Magnolia, and Hamamelis genus, which have great scientific values on phylogenetic and phytogeographic study. Based on the survival potential indices such as seeds germination potential, and seedlings＇ growth per- formance, and survival percentage, and cold tolerance potential, and pest resistance potential, we have evaluated the integrated adaptability indices （AI） of 8 genera 26 species in the early growth period, which were introduced from inland and abroad during four years from 2005 to 2008. Among the 26 arbor species, 5 species （AI〉0.8） performed excellently, and 8 species （AI 0.6-0.8） performed well, and 12 species （AI 0.4-4）.6） could adapt to or basically adapt to the environment of Lushan, and 1 species （AI〈0.4） died due to its maladjustment. The experimental results of ex-situ conservation generally showed that the arbor species originated in mid-subtropical zone in East China adapted very well to the environment of Lushan, but the adaptability of the species originated in southern subtropical zone and the south-western plateau of China were undesirable. The adaptability of the species collected from Japan and Taiwan were much promising, nevertheless, and the species from North America had lower adaptability to the environ- ment.