海洋初级生产力的卫星遥感估算模型

Remotely sensed estimation models of ocean primary production

海洋初级生产力估算在渔业资源管理、碳循环和全球变化研究中具有重要意义,准确的海洋初级生产力估算模型可直接为渔业生产和海洋管理提供决策支持,卫星遥感技术能够及时提供地表大尺度、动态的生态环境参数,因而在海洋初级生产力估算方面得到了广泛的应用。首先介绍了遥感估算海洋初级生产力的原理,对不同遥感模型包括经验模型和基于生物机理的BPM模型、LPCM模型和VGPM模型等生理过程模型进行了比较分析。以渤黄海海域为研究区,利用MODIS/AQUA卫星数据产品中的海表温度SST、离水辐射率Lw、海水漫射衰减系数Kd490和海洋光合有效辐射PAR,计算出水柱的最大碳固定速率、真光层深度、遥感叶绿素浓度,选择全遥感数据驱动的生理过程模型VGPM,对渤黄海的初级生产力进行了估算和分析。结果表明:通过MODIS卫星数据基于VGPM模型估算的渤黄海海域的海洋初级生产力很好地揭示了海洋初级生产力在不同海区的分布和变化。整个渤黄海海区初级生产力的总体分布为从近海向外逐渐降低,其中渤海要较高一些,和前人调查比较一致。

Estimation of ocean primary production（OPP） is an important issue in fishery resource management, carbon cycle and global environment change research, accurately estimate model of OPP can be directly used for decision make in fishery and ocean management, satellite remote sensing technology have capability of providing dynamic eco-environmental parameters of land surface at large scale in time, therefore it has been widely used in estimation of OPP, This paper introduced the concept of estimation of OPP using satellite remote sensing firstly, a literature review was conducted on emperical model and physiological process models include BPM （Bedford Productivity Model）, LPCM（Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Marines）and VGPM（Vertically Generalized Produc- tion Model）. And then a experiment was implemented in Bohai Sea and Yellow sea, ocean product of MODIS（AQUA） such as SST（sea surface temperature）, water-leaving radiance Lw, ocean water diffuse attenuation parameter Kd490 and PAR （Photosyn- thetically Active Radiation） were employed for computation of model parameters such as maximum Carbon fixation rate within a water column, physical depth receiving 1% of sea surface daily PAR as well as chlorophyll concentration, and VGPM, an ecological process model driven by remote sensing was adopted for estimation of OPP in Bohai Sea and Yellow sea;the result indicate that OPP in Bohai Sea and Yellow sea estimated from VGPM model can reflect the distribution and variation of OPP in different areas, and OPP in the study area gradually decreases from offshore to the open sea. OPP in Bohai Sea is a little higher which meet the former survey.