中亚热带区域几种典型生态系统土壤质量评价 Ⅰ.不同生态系统对土壤性质的影响

Soil quality assessment under several typical ecosystems in mid-subtropical region:Ⅰ. Effects of several typical ecosystems on soil properties

采用定位研究方法,以中亚热带杉木中心产区中国科学院会同森林生态实验站的七种实验林作为研究对象,探讨了各生态系统对土壤物理性质、化学性质和生物学性质的影响,以及各性质之间的相互关系。结果表明,次生常绿阔叶林生态系统对改良土壤效果最佳,其次是混交林生态系统与阔叶纯林生态系统,而杉木纯林,特别是连栽杉木纯林可能导致土壤肥力退化;大多数土壤物理、化学和生物学性状彼此之间都存在着密切的相关性;土壤中总有机C、阳离子交换量和微生物生物量C几乎与所有测定的土壤酶活性和理化性质之间也都存在显著的相关性。

Localized method was adopted in this study, and seven forests in central production region of Chinese fir in subtropics were studied. The effects of different ecosystems on physio-chemical and biological properties of soil, and the relationship between different soil properties, were discussed. The main research results were summarized as follows： the natural secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest was the most favorable in sustaining or increasing the soil fertility among the seven forests, and then by the broad-leaved forest and the mixtures, but the pure Chinese-fir stand, in particular pure Chinese-fir stand of continuous rotation, maybe caused the degeneration of soil fertility. The close relationship between the physicochemical, microbiological and biochemical parameters of forest soil were detected. Highly correlations between the total organic C （TOC）, the cation exchange capacity （CEC）, the microbial biomass-C （Cmic） and the other soil physico-chemical and biological indices were also detected in this study.