Distribution of Borehole Temperature at Four High-altitude Alpine Glaciers in Central Asia

在四条高高度的高山的冰河的地上凿穿温度的分发被调查。结果证明温度从 −13.4 ° C 到 −1.84 ° C，显示冰河在整个地上凿穿是冷的。否定坡度(即，与增加深度减少的温度)由于冰的移流并且温暖的气候，和向下移动的否定坡度联系到温暖的气候，为移动在韦斯特中国与以前调查的大陆人冰核心地上凿穿温度相比在 Gyabrag 冰河和 Miaoergou 冰河的地上凿穿降低深度的观察最小的温度可能负责。在 10 m 深度的地上凿穿温度在阿尔泰山范围在 Tsabagarav 冰河在中央喜马拉雅山脉在 Gyabrag 冰河从 −8.0 ° C 到 −12.9 ° C。在 10 m 深度的地上凿穿温度比冰河的表面上的计算吝啬的年度空气温度高是 3 ∼4 度并且更高， 10 m 深度温度被潜伏的热的生产主要由于融化水过滤和 refreezing 引起。基础温度在融化的点下面是远的，显示冰河被冻结到基岩。基岩附近的低温度坡度建议基础温度上的地热的流动和冰流动的影响是很弱的。低温度和冰河的冰流动的小速度为在冰核心的化学、同位素的信息的保藏是有益的。

The distribution of borehole temperature at four high-altitude alpine glaciers was investigated. The result shows that the temperature ranges from -13.4℃ to -1.84℃, indicating the glaciers are cold throughout the boreholes. The negative gradient （i.e., the temperature decreasing with the increasing of depth） due to the advection of ice and climate warming, and the negative gradient moving downwards relates to climate warming, are probably responsible for the observed minimum temperature moving to lower depth in boreholes of the Gyabrag glacier and Miaoergou glacier compared to the previously investigated continental ice core borehole temperature in West China. The borehole temperature at 10m depth ranges from -8.0℃ in the Gyabrag glacier in the central Himalayas to -12.9℃ in the Tsabagarav glacier in the Altai range. The borehole temperature at 10 m depth is 3-4 degrees higher than the calculated mean annual air temperature on the surface of the glaciers and the higher 10 m depth temperature is mainly caused by the production of latent heat due to melt-water percolation and refreezing. The basal temperature is far below the melting point, indicating that the glaciers are frozen to bedrock. The very low temperature gradients near the bedrock suggest that the influence of geothermal flux and ice flow on basal temperature is very weak. The low temperature and small velocity of ice flow of glaciers are beneficial for preservation of the chemical and isotopic information in ice cores.