从明清小说的“V+取”式结构看“取”字的语法化问题

The Study of the Grammaticalization of "Qu" From "V.+Qu" in Those Novels in Ming and Qing Dynasty

"V+取"式双音词在十部明清小说中共见114个,附加式占多数,"取"字语法化为词缀为近代汉语的双音化做出了贡献.因为语言精确表义和简练原则的制约,"取"在现代汉语时期失去构词能力。"取"自唐而来的语法化历程适应了汉语不同时期对它的要求。

There are 114 words which structure is V ＋ Qu in Ming and Qing dynasty novels. More of them are derivative. ＂ Qu＂ became the suffix in latter archaic Chinese, which offered a lot of two_syllable words. ＂Qu＂ couldnt form the new word in modern Chinese for the unaccurate meaning and unbrief characters. The grammaticalization process of Qu adapt to the requirement of Chinese development.