出生时吸净胃内羊水对新生儿吸入性肺炎和咽下综合征的影响

Influence of Birth-time Clean Suctioning of Intra-gastric Amniotic Fluid on Incidence of Aspiration Pneumonia and Swallowing Syndrome among Neonates

目的探讨出生时吸净胃内羊水对降低新生儿咽下综合征和吸入性肺炎的发生率的效果。方法取2008年1—10月出生的1268例新生儿作为干预组,取2007年1—10月出生的1172例新生儿作为对照组。干预组新生儿娩出后,常规清理呼吸道后顺势将一次性婴儿吸痰管经口插入胃内,吸净胃内羊水。对照组新生儿仅常规清理呼吸道。结果干预组和对照组新生儿咽下综合征发生率分别为23.03%和36.09%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=49.86,P<0.01),新生儿吸入性肺炎发生率分别为4.26%和9.39%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.54,P<0.01)。结论新生儿出生时,吸净胃内羊水可有效降低咽下综合征、吸入性肺炎的发生率。

Objective To explore influence of birth-time clean suctioning of intra-gastric amniotic fluid on incidence of aspirational pneumonia and swallowing syndrome among neonates. Methods 1268 neonates born between Jan. and Oct., 2008 were chosen as the intervention group, and l 172 between Jan. and Oct., 2007, the control group. For the intervention group, after the conventional clearing of the aspirational tract, the intra-gastric amniotic fluid was clean suctioned through the disposable sputum absorbing tube for infants indwelled into the stomach, while the control group were only offered the conventional aspirational tract clearing. Results The incidence rate of swallowing syndrome of the intervention group and the control group was 23.03% and 36.09%, respectively, the difference being statistically significant （χ^2=49.86, P〈0.01）, and the difference in the incidence rate of aspirational pneumonia be- tween the two groups also had statistical significance （χ^2=25.54, P〈0.01 ）, being 4.26% and 9.39%, respectively. Conclusion Birthtime clean suetioning of intra-gastric amniotie fluid can markedly lower the incidence rate of aspirational pneumonia and swallowing syndrome among neonates and is thus worth clinical popularization.