美国城市设计思想谱系索引:1956年之后

Intelligence of Mainstream for American Urban Design:After 1956

自50年代美国开设城市设计学科以来,城市设计已涉及国家政策和社区生活等广泛领域,并在学校教育、政府部门、市场服务、工程实践各个行业产生深远的影响。通过对经典文献的回顾,可以从中看出城市设计学科在美国从形成到成熟的思想发展和共识界定的历程。考察半个世纪以来美国城市主义思想的发展对我国现实而言有着积极的参考价值,在此背景下本文回顾了1956年之后的城市设计在美国各个领域的发展表现和目标价值,并归纳了其发展的线索和各阶段的特点,最后对三种城市主义思想给出了自己的观察。

Since the United States set up disciplines of urban design from the 1950s,urban design has been involved in a wide range of areas from national policy to community life. In the U.S, urban design has a profound impact to education, government departments, market services and engineering practice. Through review of classical literature, we can find process of development from the formation to mature thought and consensus-defined course in the U.S. Urban design Study about ideology of half a century is a positive reference value to China＇s urban design. Under this context, the paper recalles performance of development and objectives of value after 1956. Finally the author summarizes attitude toward three urbanisms.