中小企业技术创新过程模式及其选择：基于利益相关者的研究

企业技术创新模式已有很多的研究成果，但是从创新过程和利益相关者视角研究技术创新模式却一直无人问津。本文在利益相关者思想的主导下，先从企业技术创新的一般过程模式入手，然后分析利益相关者视角下中小企业的技术创新过程模式。在此基础上演化出中小企业创新网络模式。通过分析，我们给出结论：中小企业创新模式的选择不应再拘泥于传统的技术推动型、市场导向型和综合创新模式，而必须将视野拓宽，将创新认识提高到利益相关者理论的高度上来，即在技术创新过程中，中小企业应密切与其利益相关者的关系，充分利用外部创新资源，积极构建创新网络，在信任和合作的基础上，开展合作创新。

There are many literatures on models of technological innovation in enterprises, in which the perspective of stakeholders is seldom introduced. From the view of stakeholders, technological innovation models are analyzed, based on which innovative network model is developed in small and medium enterprises （SMEs）. It is proposed that SMEs should not adhere to traditional technology push model, demand/market pull model and interactive and coupling model. Instead, they should broaden field of vision, and knowledge of innovation should be enhanced to stakeholder theory. Namely, in technological innovation process, SMEs can make full use of exterior innovative resources and develop cooperative innovation by keeping well relationship with their stakeholders. All in all, SMEs should construct innovative networks actively on the basis of faith and cooperation.