冷应激对家禽神经内分泌系统的影响

Effect of Cold Stress on Poultry Neuroendocrine System

冷应激可引起家禽生产性能下降,诱发多种疾病,甚至造成死亡。研究家禽冷应激发生机制,探索科学的应激监测方法,对提高应激预防水平,保障畜牧业发展有重要意义。冷应激反应的生理机制几乎涉及所有器官和组织,能量代谢、神经内分泌、行为和生产性能等均发生改变,其中,神经内分泌在整合调节过程中起主导作用。主要综述了寒冷应激对以交感神经-肾上腺髓质(SAM)系统、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质(HPA)轴和下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺(HPT)轴为主的神经内分泌机能的影响。

Cold stress can cause performance descends, induce various diseases, even result in die of poultries. Study on the poultry cold stress mechanism and investigating scientific stress monitor method, which focus on the body biochemical indicator in cold stress reaction, had important meaning to elevate preventative level of stress and ensure livestock farming development. Ahnost all organs and tissues are involved in the physiological mechanism of cold stress. Energy metabolism, neuroendocrine,behavior and performances ability can be changed,in which neuroendocrine function was dominant. The influence of cold stress on neuroendocrine function such as hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex axis（HPA） ,hypo- thalamic-pituitary-thyroid（HPT） axis and Sympathesis-adrenal medulla（SAM） were mainly summarized.