云南红豆杉内生菌的分离及拮抗植物病害菌的筛选

Isolation of Endogenous Bacteria from Taxus yunnanensis and Selection of Antagonism Plant Disease Bacteria

[目的]为从与红豆杉共生的内生菌或其代谢物中寻找其他新型防治植物病虫害药物提供基础依据。[方法]以云南红豆杉为试验材料,从其根、茎、叶中分离内生菌;以棉花枯萎病、小麦赤霉病、番茄叶霉病等11种病原真菌作为供试菌株,研究红豆杉内生菌的抗菌活性,从中筛选出有较高抗菌活性的内生菌。[结果]从云南红豆杉根、茎、叶中分离出内生菌152株,其中细菌80株,真菌48株,放线菌24株;从中筛选出了有较高抗菌活性的11株内生细菌、5株内生放线菌和3株内生真菌,分别占分离得到的内生细菌、内生放线菌和内生真菌总数的13.75%、37.50%和20.83%。[结论]云南红豆杉组织内存在丰富的内生菌,不同组织内生菌的数量、种类有一定差异,在具有抑菌活性的菌物中,放线菌占的比例最高。

[ Objective] The foundation of new type of agro-chemicals controlling plant disease and pest from the symbiotic endogenous bacteria with Taxus yunnanensis or their metabolites was provided. [ Method ] The Taxus yunnanensis being taken as experimental material, the endogenous bacteria was isolated from the root,stem and leaf. 11 species of fungus pathogen strains such as wilt in cotton,wheat scab,tomato leaf mold,etc. were inoculated with endogenous bacteria to study its antimicrobial activity and the endophytic bacteria with high antibacterial activity was selected. [ Results ] 152endophytic fungi were isolated from Taxus yunnanensis root, stem and leaf, respectively,of which,80 species belonged to bacteria; 48, fungus and 24,actinomycetes. And 11 endogenous bacterium,five endogenous actinomyces and three endogenous fungi with higher antibacterial activity were filtered out, accounting for 13.75 % ,37.50% and 20.83 % of total endogenous bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi, respectively. [ Conclusion] The rich endogenous bacterium were existed in Taxus yunnanensis organization,there was the difference in the number and species of endogenous bacteria among the different organizations. The proportion of actinomycetes with antibacterial activity accounted for the highest compared with two others.