临时教育会议及其对日本私立大学发展的影响

Interim Conference on Education and Its Impact on the Development of Private Universities in Japan

临时教育会议是第一次世界大战后期日本在国内外形势发生重大变化的情况下召开的一个重要的教育会议。该会议在长达一年半的时间里,对日本整个教育领域进行了全面的研究和审议,提出了一系列的重要改革方案,对日本整个教育的发展发挥了巨大的推进作用并产生了深远的影响。日本私立大学的法律地位及其与国立大学的关系问题是日本高等教育中长期未能解决的突出矛盾,临时教育会议的决议报告允许财团法人兴办私立大学,从政策和法律的层面解放了对私立大学的束缚,私立大学从而迎来了一个大发展的时期。本文试从临时教育会议及其对日本私立大学发展的影响入手,深入探讨其影响机制的形成,以期对我国民办高等教育发展有所启示。

Interim conference on education is a monumental conference when Japan＇s domestic and international situations had been greatly changed during the late period of the First World War. The conference, lasting one and a half years, conducted a comprehensive research and discussion in every aspect of Japan＇s education, and proposed a series of reform proposals, which had greatly helped and influenced the educational development of Japan. However, the private universities＂ legitimate status and their relationship with public universities had always been a difficult issue, and remained unsettled up to now in Japan＇s higher education. In the conference＇s proposal, it＇s reported that syndicates should be allowed to found private universities and that policy and legal restraints on private universities should be removed. This has solved the relationship problem between private and public universities, thus private universities witnessed a great development. This paper, starting with the conference＇s impact upon Japan＇s private universities, made a profound exploration upon the formation of impact mechanism, intending to obtain some inspirations for the development of private higher education in our own country.