作物精量灌溉系统的无线传感网络应用开发

Development of wireless sensor networks in precision irrigation system for crop

为准确提供作物水分亏缺程度并为精量灌溉提供科学依据,基于作物水分胁迫声发射原理,研究无线传感器网络技术在精量灌溉系统中的应用。采用自适应加权数据融合算法来提高声发射信号精度,提出基于簇的多跳路由算法以减少结点数据传输能耗,利用NB100网关实现无线网和有线网之间的桥接。系统分布式运行,具有鲁棒性强、易于扩充和伸缩性良好等优点。仿真试验表明该系统组网正确、无线传输能耗占总能耗的60%以上,可以使人们远程、精确获取作物需水信息,并实施精量灌溉,能够应用到农田、苗圃、温室等节水农业领域中。

In order to accurately provide the extent of water deficit and thus to offer a scientific reference for the precision irrigation,we explored the application of wireless sensor networks to precision irrigation system based on the acoustic emission principle for crop water stress.Adaptive weighted data fusion algorithm was adopted to improve the precision of acoustic emission signal and cluster-based multi-hop routing algorithm was proposed to reduce energy consumption of node transmitting data.By a NB100 gateway,the system realized bridging between wireless network and wired network.It runs distributed and possesses many advantages,such as good robustness,extensibility and scalability.Simulation experiments showed that networking was correct and the energy consumption of wireless transmission was above 60 percent in total energy.The system enables user to precisely acquire the crop water requirement information and thus to implement the precision irrigation remotely,and can be effectively applied to some water-saving agriculture fields,for example,the cropland,the nursery garden,the greenhouse,etc.