青少年焦虑和抑郁情绪特征研究

Characteristics of Anxiety and Depression in Adolecents

目的:了解青少年焦虑和抑郁情绪的特征,为青少年心理健康教育提供依据。方法:分3个年龄组,从5所学校随机抽取学生2000人,进行问卷调查。结果:①初中生和高中生比大学生报告更多的焦虑症状,初中生与高中生无显著差异;②男生报告抑郁的时点发病率明显低于女生;③抑郁症状高中生报告的最多,初中生次之,大学生最少;④焦虑和抑郁症状的年级差异不显著;但高三的抑郁症状显著高于高二和高一;⑤高三和大三的学生在焦虑症状上存在显著性别差异。结论:青少年焦虑和抑郁情绪存在显著的年龄和性别差异。

Objective： To explore the characteristics of anxiety and depression in adolecents, so as to provide an empirical basis for mental health education of them. Methods： 2000 students from 5 schools were randomly selected and divited into 3 age groups, then a series of questionnaires were conducted. All the data were analyzed by the statistical software SPSS13.0. Results： （1）Junior middle school students and senior middle school students reported more anxiety symptoms than university students, no significant difference was found between junior middle school students and senior middle school students;Both female and male students showed the same trend. （2）The point prevalence of male students was significantly lower than female students. （3）High school students reported the most depression symptoms,the second was middle school students,and college students the least,Both female and male students showed the same trend. （4） Significantly difference of Anxiety and depressive symptoms in grade levels was not found but between Senior Three, Senior Two and Senior One. （5）Senior Three students and grade three university students showed significant difference in anxiety symptoms. Conclusion： Significant difference was found in gender and age of anxiety and depression in adolecents.