碲镉汞近年来的研究进展

Developments of Mercury Cadmium Telluride in Recent Years

第三代红外系统的主要特点包括更多的像素、更高的帧频、更好的温度分辨率、双色甚至多色探测以及其他(芯)片上信号处理功能。尽管面临着其他材料例如相近的汞合金HgZnTe和HgMnTe、硅测辐射热计、热释电探测器、SiGe异质结、GaAs/AlGaAs多量子阱、InAs/GaInSb应变层超晶格、高温超导体等的有力竞争,碲镉汞(MCT)仍然是制备第三代红外光子探测器最重要的材料。在基本性质方面,其他材料仍然难与碲镉汞相竞争。主要通过对2000年以来部分英语期刊文献的归纳分析,介绍了近年来在MCT异质结、材料生长、掺杂方法、衬底制备、均匀性、电学性质及数值模型等方面的研究进展。

Third generation IR systems provide enhanced capabilities such as a larger number of pixels, higher frame rates, better thermal resolution as well as multicolour functionality and other on-chip functions. Mercury cadmium telluride （MCT） remains the most important material for the fabrication of third generation infrared photon detectors despite numerous attempts to replace it with alternative materials such as closely related mercury alloys （HgZnTe, HgMnTe）, silicon bolometers, pyroelectric detectors, SiGe heterojunctions, GaAs/A1GaAs multiple quantum wells, InAs/GaInSb strained layer superlattices, high temperature superconductors and etc. None of these competitors can compete with MCT in terms of fundamental properties. By summarizing and analyzing of related papers published in English periodicals since 2000, this review describes the progresses in the development and exploitation of third generation MCT detectors such as heterostructure, crystal growth, doping processes, substrates fabrication, uniformity, electronic properties, numerical modeling and etc.