甘肃会宁2～5岁儿童神经心理发育状况调查分析

The analysis of the investigation into the neuropsychological development of children of 2～5 years old in Huining of Gansu

目的了解甘肃会宁2～5岁儿童神经心理发育现状及其影响因素,为促进与改善儿童神经心理发育提供依据。方法以随机整群抽样方法于2008年3月选取会宁县城及乡镇共367名2～5岁儿童,采用0～6岁儿童神经心理发育量表对其进行现场心理测验并计算发育商(DQ),同时采用自行设计的问卷向抚养人收集儿童基本信息及相关影响因素。结果调查对象神经心理发育低下检出率为2.4%,DQ呈正态分布,各年龄组儿童总DQ分别为96.10±12.87、96.54±10.95、97.39±13.58,呈随儿童年龄增长而增长的趋势;多因素回归分析表明儿童年龄、是否接受学前教育、母亲文化水平是影响儿童神经心理发育的主要因素。结论调查对象儿童神经心理发育良好,儿童神经心理发育受多种因素影响,加快地区经济发展、改善儿童教养环境、加强早期教育、提高抚养人文化素质有助于促进儿童健康成长。

Objective To understand the status of neuropsychological development and the influence factors of children aged 2 to 4 years in Huining of Gansu, which may serve as basis＇for promoting and improving the neuropsychological development. Methods A total of 367 children aged 2 - 5 years in Huining were selected by random cluster sample method and tested by the 0 - 6 years Neuropsychological Cxamination Table in March of 2008. At the same time, self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the basic information and related factors. Results The neuropsychological development of 2.4% children was lower. The status of development quotient for children conformed to the normal distribution. The scores of DQ for of children different age were 96.10±12.87,96.54± 10.95,97.39±13.58, and the DQ increased with the age of children. The multivariate factor gradual regression analysis showed that the age of children, whether or not to accept pre-school education, and cultural level of the mother were the main factors , which had impact on the neurological development of children. Conclusion The neuropsychological development of children is good. The neuropsychological development of children is affected by many factors. In order to promote the healthy development of children, we must accelerate the economic development, improve children＇s rearing environment enhance early education, and promote parental education.