济南市城区学龄前意外伤害儿童气质特点分析

Analysis of temperament and behavior characteristics in preschool children who were unintentional injured in urban of Jinan

【目的】了解济南城区学龄前儿童的意外伤害状况与意外伤害儿童气质及行为特征，为制定有效的预防措施提供理论依据。【方法】采用整群抽样方法抽取济南市市区4所幼儿园4～6岁在园儿童，调查意外伤害发生情况及儿童气质、行为等特点。【结果】在气质词查问卷中，难养型气质儿童发生意外伤害的相对危险度是3．486。发生意外伤害的儿童品行问题、心身障碍、多动-冲动指数三个因子得分高于对照组，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。【结论】意外伤害儿童存在心理、行为问题，应采取心理干预措施，减低儿童意外伤害的发生。

[Objectives] To understand the status and the behavior characteristics of preschool children who were unintentional injured in urban of Jinan,and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of effective prevent measures. [Methods] A cluster sampling method was used to sample 4 to 6 years old children in 4 kindergartens. Some questionnaire was filled out, such as Conners scale and temperament scale. [Results] The difficult care temperament children increased the relative risk of 3. 486 times than other children. It was found that the unintentional injury children＇s behavior problems, physical and psychological obstacles, hyperactivity-impulse factor made a higher score than children control group. There were significant differences （P〈0. 05）. [Conclusions] More psychological and behavior problems existed in preschool injured children. Psychological intervention measures should be taken to reduce the occurrence of accidental injury of children.