儿童泌尿系结石筛查临床分析

Clinical analysis of children urinary stone

【目的】了解食用三聚氰胺污染奶粉的儿童泌尿系结石临床特点。【方法】回顾性分析并总结2008年9月16日-2008年10月6日广州市儿童医院筛查食用三聚氰胺污染奶粉儿童和本院近10年泌尿系结石住院患儿的临床资料。【结果】筛查检出泌尿系结石患儿347人，男童患病率高于女童，年龄≤12月患病率高，结石大小以4～8mm。多见，经内科保守治疗结石大多消失或变小。近10年泌尿系结石住院人数于2005年后逐年增加，年龄≤12月构成比随之增加，结石分布在肾脏及阴性结石比例增加。【结论】食用三聚氰胺污染奶粉是近年儿童泌尿系结石的重要病因之一。其特点是发病年龄小，结石体积小，多分布在肾盂肾盏中，阴性结石为主，结构松散易于排出。

[Objective] To investigate the clinical characteristics of urinary stone in children fed with milk powders contaminated by melamine. [Method] Retrospective analysize the clinical data of children with urinary stones. Some of the children who fed with milk powders infected by melamind were selected in guangzhou children hospital between September 16,2008- October 6,2008,and some of the children were hospitalized with urinary stone in the past ten years. [Results] 347 children were detected with urinary stones. The boy had a higher morbidity than girls. Most of the children were less than 1 year old. Most of the stones were 4-8 mm2 in size. The most of the urinary stones become smaller or dispeared after conservative therapy. The numbers of patients who were hospitalized in the reason of urinary stone was gradually rising from 2005 in the past ten years. The constituent ratio of the patients of less than 1 year old was increased. The percentages of the urinary stones occurred in kidney and the radioparent calculus were increased. [Conclusionl To fed with milk powders contaminated melamine is a most important cause of the children urinary stone in the recent years. It often occurres in a younger children. The stone usually locate in renal pelvis and renal calices,Most of the stone are radioparent calculus, they are small in size, loose and easily eliminated.