焊条溶滴短路过渡特性的研究

A Study of the Characteristics of Metal Short-circuit Transfer from Covered Electrodes

本文利用双画面象声电同步激光高速摄影技术和电脑式电弧分析仪等先进测试手段,系统地研究了焊条药皮组成和焊接规范对短路过渡特征参数的影响规律及短路过渡的控制环节。提出焊条熔滴短路过渡可分为熔滴与熔池的接触、液桥金属向熔池的过渡及液桥颈缩断开三个环节;而熔滴表面张力、尺寸大小、气体析出量以及电磁力即短路电流等因素对这三个环节起控制作用。

By means of a laser high-speed camera which can record duble images in synchronization with the arc sound and voltage signals and a newly developed WELDING ARC ANALYZER with a microprocessor, the influences of electrode coverings and the welding conditions on the characteristic parameters of short-circuit transfer were investigated and its controlling links were comprehensively analyzed. It was proved that a metal short-circuit transfer process a covered electrode shuold include three links such as the contacting of the melten drop with the weld pool,the transfer of the melten metal bridge to the pool, and the contraction and breaking of bridge, Mean while these links are controlled by the surface tension, size and shape of the drop, and the amount of gas produced in the drop as well as by the magnetic force ( i. e. the short-circuit current ) .