两种提取红松种子蛋白质的工艺方法比较研究

Comparative Study on Two Methods of Pine Seed Protein Extraction Technology

为寻找新的植物蛋白资源，研究发现，红松种子中蛋白质含量在13％～20％，具有明显的生理活性，是一种新的具有活性的植物蛋白质资源。以脱脂红松种子粉为原料，比较PBS-NaCl缓冲液盐溶法和NaOH碱溶法提取红松种子蛋白质工艺。分别通过单因素和正交试验，确定最佳的提取工艺：研究了料液比、提取温度、提取时间、溶液浓度对蛋白质提取率的影响，并进行了L9（4^5）的正交试验，并测定了两种工艺得到的红松种子蛋白的等电点。PBS-NaCl缓冲液盐溶法得到的红松种子蛋白等电点pI=3．7，碱溶法提取蛋白的等电点pI=4．0。PBS-NaCl缓冲液盐溶法提取红松种子蛋白质的提取工艺：在温度30℃水浴环境下，以0．12mol／LPBS-NaCl缓冲液盐溶液提取，按1：25的料液比搅拌浸提150min，蛋白提取率达到62．86％。碱溶法提取红松种子蛋白质的最佳工艺参数是以0．0005mol／LNaOH溶液，按1：30料液比，在45℃条件下低速搅拌浸提60min，此时蛋白的提取率为72．07％。结论：从蛋白质提取率的角度考虑，碱溶法优于PBS-NaCl缓冲液盐溶法；从蛋白质稳定性和提取率两方面考虑，PBS-NaCl缓冲液盐溶法优于碱溶法。

This paper aimed at comprehensive utilization of pine, comparative study on two methods of pine seed protein extraction technology by PBS-NaCl and NaOH solution, and the effects of solid-liquid ratio, temperature,time and concentration of solution were investigated,On the basis of single factor and the orthogonal test, the optimal working parameterts were worked out. The optimal extracting of PBS-NaCl solution conditions of protein were：solid-liquid ratio was 1：25,30℃ ,0.12mol/L and extraction for 150min, the extraction rate reaches 62. 86%. The optimal extracting of NaOH solution conditions of protein were：solid-liquid ratio was 1 ： 30,45℃ ,0. 0005mol/L and extraction for 60rain,the extraction rate reaches 72.07%. Conclusion： consideration of protein extraction rate the solution of PBS-NaCl was better than NaOH solution;From the extraction of protein and the stability of protein,the solution of PBS-NaCl was best.