第三纪青藏高原面高程与古植被变迁

VARIATION HISTORY OF HEIGHT AND VEGETATION OF THE TIBET PLATEAU IN TERTIARY

收集了近半个世纪以来、几乎全部有关青藏高原第三纪古植被的研究资料，从整体角度对青藏高原的古植被演化史与高原面高程变化史进行了初步研究。认为青藏高原第三纪古植被经历了由古老、湿热环境下的热带低地森林，脉动式地渐变为热带、亚热带山地森林及灌丛草原。反映高原是阶段性、持续上升的，其间不存在大幅的降低过程。冈底斯山、念青唐古拉山、唐古拉山、昆仑山所围限的藏北高原比喜马拉雅山系隆升早，且在整个第三纪都比喜马拉雅山高，到上新世的中、晚期其高度已达海拔３０００ｍ以上。喜马拉雅山系成为世界屋脊是第四纪以来的事。

The authors collected almost all the research data about the Tertiary vegetation in the Qing Zang(Tibet)plateau since the last half century. Synthetically researching shows that the vegetation pulsatively became tropical subtropical mountain forest flora and shrub herb flora from a very old tropical lowland forest flora under the humid and hot environment, this reflects that the plateau had kept rising pulsatively for the whole Tertiary period while there was not a large scale declining process. The center area of the plateau, surrounded by the mountains of Gangdis, Nianqing Tanggula, Tanggula, Kunlun, uplifted earlier and was highter than the Himalayan mountains in the whole Tertiary period. Up to the Middle Late Pliocene the height of the center area had been over 3000 meters above sea level. It was a Quaternary event that the Himalayan mountains became the ridge of the world.