担子菌交配型位点结构及交配型基因功能的研究进展

A Review of Research Development in Mating Type Gene Function and Mating Type Locus Construction of Basidiomycetes

担子菌的有性发育过程是由交配型基因控制的,多个结构相似、功能相关的交配型基因组成基因簇,交配型位点则由1～2个基因簇组成。目前的研究结果表明,A交配型位点的交配型基因编码两类含相似同源结构域的蛋白质,两类蛋白质相互作用形成异源二聚体,调节依赖于A因子的发育过程。B位点的交配型基因编码信息素及其受体,是核迁移过程所必需的。

It was concluded from recent research that the sexual development in basidiomycete was regulated by mating type genes, that gene cluster was composed of several mating type gene with similar construction and related functions while mating type locus on chromsome was composed of one or two clusters, that two kinds of protein with similar homeodomain were encoded by mating type genes in A mating type locus, and that heterodimers were formed with the interaction of these two kinds of proteins, by which the A - factor - dependent development process was regulated, while pheromone and its receptor were encoded by mating type gene in B mating type locus which was necessary for nuclear migration.