高原鼢鼠与高原鼠兔共栖关系的研究

A Study of Commensalim of Plateau Zokor and Plateau Pika

对高原鼢鼠与高原鼠兔在同一栖息地中的种群数量、领地重叠强度和种间距离的动态变化作了为时３年的观察研究。结果表明，在同一栖境下的一定时期内，高原鼢鼠的种群密度随高原鼠兔种群密度的增加而下降。与此同时，种间领地重叠强度随高原鼠兔种群密度的增加而增加，种间距离则随高原鼠兔种群密度的增加而缩小。两种鼠在同一生境下的共栖可以认为是高原鼠兔对高原鼢鼠栖息地选择性迁入的结果。高原鼠兔对高原鼢鼠具有强烈的侵扰性，并可导致高原鼢鼠因竞争失利而被迫外迁，最终在原栖息地消失。因此，高原鼠兔与高原鼢鼠的共栖只是一个种间竞争过程的外在表象，这一过程大约持续３年时间。

he size of population, intensity of habitat overlapping and distance change between species were studied through three year’s observation within a same habitat. The results indicated that the population density of plateau zokor decreased as that of plateau pika increased within the same habitat in a certain period. Meanwhile, the habitat overlapping intensity between species increased as the population of plateau pika enlarged; the distance between species shrinked as the population density of plateau pika augmented. The commensalim of these two animals within the same habitat could be the result of plateau pika’s selectively ingoing to the plateau zokor’s habitat. The plateau pika has a strong intrusion to plateau zokor, which might lead to latter outgoing due to the failed competition and finally disappeared from its original habitat. Therefore, the commensalim of pike and zokor is only a presentation of competion within species and this process will last over 3 years.