小血管吻合术后发生血管危象原因的分析及防治

ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF VASCULAR CRISIS FOLLOWING ANASTOMOSIS OF SMALL VESSEL AND ITS PROPHYLAXIS AND TREAMENT

为探讨小血管吻合术后发生血管危象的原因、诊断及防治，分析１９８５年８月～１９９７年１２月３１４例小血管吻合术后发生血管危象的病例，其中发生组织坏死及部分坏死１５２例，占４８．４％。发生危象后保守治疗１４４例，坏死１０４例；手术探查１７０例，坏死４８例。随访８６例，随访时间为６周～７年。结果发现，发生危象后又建立正常血循环者，术后组织恢复与未发生危象者无明显差别；而发生危象后血循环不佳，靠建立侧支血循环成活者，术后多出现伤口愈合不良，肿胀时间长，组织有不同程度萎缩及感觉恢复较差等。认为，血管吻合技术及术后防血管痉挛处理，对预防小血管术后发生血管危象十分重要；

In order to find out the causes, diagnosis, and the prevention and treatment of vascular crisis following anastomosis of small vessels, 314 cases vascular crisis from 1985 to 1997, were analyzed, in which 152 cases, suffered from tissue necrosis either total or partial, making up 48.4%. One hundred and fortyfour cases underwent conservative treatment occupying 45.8% and 104 cases had tissue necrosis, occupying 68.4%. Operative exploration was done on 170 cases, occupying 54.1% and 48 cases of them suffered from necrosis, which made up 31.6% of all necrotic cases. Eightysix cases were followed up by regular visits, ranging from 40 days to 7 years, with the finding that those who had regained normal circulation after vascular crisis recovered as well as those without crisis, and among those who did not regain normal circulation but survived with the help of collateral circulation after vascular crisis, they were usually cases of bad union, healing of wound, persistent swelling, different degree of tissue atrophy, poor recovery of sensation. It was concluded that proper use of vascular anastomosis technique and prophylactic measures preventing postoperative vascular spasm were extremely important, in the prevention of development of vascular crisis following anastomosis of small vessels. If vascular crisis did not respond well to conservative treatment, prompt surgical exploration should be undertaken.