埋地热油管道预热启输传热仿真研究

Thermal Simulation Calculation of Underground Oil Pipeline at Starting

对于长距离输送易凝、高粘含蜡原油的埋地热油管道在启输时,为避免凝管事故而需要对管道进行热水预热处理。预热过程中可采用正、反输送。当沿线管道达到一定温度并在土壤中蓄入一定热量后再转入输油。此过程为三维的非稳态传热过程。通过对埋地管道及其周围土壤物理模型的简化而建立数学模型,运用有限差分法对其进行求解。并以管道实测数据和该计算方法计算的结果进行验证,结果表明计算结果与实测结果吻合,能够为合理安排启输工艺提供理论参考。

The preheating of water for pipeline is the necessary for avoiding the oil freezing in the pipeline when starting to transport the viscid and wax oil tend to freeze. The regular pumping and reverse pumping can be used in the process of preheating. The oil can be transported when the temperature along the pipeline is up to the certain value and the heat is stored in the soil around the pipeline. The process of preheating is a non-steady heat transfer of three-dimension. The paper simplifies the physical model of pipeline and the soil around the pipeline to build ub, the math model, then to solve with the method of finite difference. At the same time the paper simulates the case of starting and transportation and provides a forecast for the starting.