特殊教育教师职业压力的调查分析

An Investigation into the Professional Stress of Special Education Teachers

采用自编的特殊教育教师职业压力测查问卷测查了284名特殊教育教师。结果表明,特殊教育教师的职业压力较大,61.3%的特教教师体验到中等程度以上的压力,5.6%的特教教师体验到重度以上的压力。其中最大的压力源自于学生管理。职业压力总均分女教师(2.78±0.44)大于男教师(2.52±0.62)。特教教师职业压力年龄差异显著,30～39岁年龄组压力(2.83±0.60)最大,29岁或以下组(2.70±0.45)其次,40岁或以上组(2.34±0.39)最小。职称组间差异显著,小学高级组体验到的压力最大。从事聋哑儿童教育的特教教师体验到的职业压力(2.76±0.51)显著大于从事智障儿童教育的特教教师体验到的压力(2.59±0.54)。

To investigate the professional stress of special education teachers, a sample of 284 special education teachers is tested using the Professional Stress Checklist for special education teachers. Results indicate that the professional stress of special education teachers is high, the number of teachers who experience medium - de- gree job stress accounts for 61.3%, and those who experience higher - degree job stress accounts for 5.6%, and the highest stress comes from ＂students management＂. The total average score of female teachers （2.78±0.44） is higher than that of male teachers （2.52± 0.62）. Results also reveal that age difference of professional stress of special education teachers is significant, the level of professional stress of 30 - 39 years old teachers （2.83 ~ 0.60） is highest, and that of teachers who are younger than 30 years old （2.70± 0.45） is the second, and that of teachers who are older than 40 years old （2.34 ± 0.39） is the lowest. Meanwhile, difference between professional title groups is also significant, and the job stress of senior teachers in the field of special education is the highest. Results also show that the job stress of special education teachers who teach deaf children （2.76±0. 51） is higher than that of those who teach mentally retarded children （2.59±0.54）.