膜引导组织再生技术在骨缺损治疗中的应用

MEMBRANE GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION IN THE TREATMENT OF BONE DEFECT

膜引导组织再生技术在口腔牙周病的治疗方面取得满意效果后，它的基本机理即机械性阻挡和选择性组织生长引起骨科界的兴趣和重视，初步实验和临床应用已显示出膜引导组织再生技术对骨缺损的治疗有效，这种技术不但能应用于扁平骨缺损的治疗，而且适用于管状骨节段性缺损的修复。膜引导组织再生技术的关键是引导膜，膜材料大体分为两类即非降解性膜和可降解性膜，但由于制作工艺、膜材料成分的不同，致使目前应用的膜种类较多。非降解性膜由于其不能被机体吸收需要二次手术而逐渐被淘汰，在众多的可降解性膜中，携带不同骨生长因子。

Membrane guided tissue regeneration is new biological concept. The basic theory of this concept includes the belief that during the healing process of wound, the different cells will show different speed of cell migration and regeneration in the wound. If an appropriate membrane being placed to form a mechanical barrier, so that only the needed cells can grow into that area and prevent others from going in, thus resulting in the creation of a guided area where the needed cells can undergo proliferation and differentiation under protection in completing an ideal tissue regeneration and repair. In this article, the experimental researches on the application of membrane guided tissue regeneration in the repair of tubular bone defects, skull defects and faciomaxillary defects were reviewed from literatures, and the degradable and nondegradable materials were introduced, particularly. The pros and cons of this method and the materials were evaluated. It is believed that this technique will push forward the progress in bone biology and reconstructive surgery.