试论19世纪末20世纪初的日本史学

On the Historiography of Japan in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century

在日本近现代史学史上,形形色色的史学流派各以特定的形式反映了日本社会变迁的脉搏和历史发展的轨迹。这些史学流派良莠并存、瑕瑜互见,不同流派的代表人物独树一帜、各领风骚,或在横向上相互借鉴,或在纵向上扬弃创新,既带有时代的局限性和阶级的烙印,也或多或少积淀了一些与历史唯物论相吻合的进步因素,正是这些进步因素在日本史学界的长期浸润,才为马克思主义史学在日本的移植生根和传播发展提供了适宜的土壤。

The age from Meiji Restoration to early 20th century was the one grant change in social politics,economy and culture in Japan.In politics,Japan became an unified centralized state and quickly developed a military feudal imperialist country.In economy,it was the first to realize the preliminary modernization in Asia.In thought and culture,it in great degree adopted the culture of the west.Historiography was the important part in social culture,so the prosperous sight appeared since the production of several important schools such as,Civilization School,Popular School,Positivist School,Cultural School and Social Economical School.The production of these schools had their special historical background and necessary thought condition,and every one of them reflected the pulse and trail of social change of Japan by its special form.This article tries to sort and analyze the modern historiography of Japan,especially the progressive elements in it briefly.