固体自润滑材料在EAST超导托卡马克中的应用

The Research of Solid Self-lubricant Material Used in EAST Superconducting Tokamak

EAST超导托卡马克是具有非圆截面的核聚变试验装置,其真空室内部部件在等离子体热壁运行时将承受相当大的热应力和电磁载荷,在某些工况下的应力可能超出材料的强度极限。对EAST超导托卡马克装置中的真空室内部部件的应力状况进行了计算分析,从理论上提出了运用润滑材料的必要性;研制了一种金属基多层固体自润滑复合材料,摩擦学性能测试表明,该自润滑复合材料具有特殊的梯度结构,能保证高的机械强度,且具有优异的摩擦磨损性能和连续润滑功能;有限元计算和模拟件的加热变形试验表明,该自润滑复合材料真空中的滑动摩擦因数不超过0.15,能减少内部部件应力集中的情况,避免应力过大对热沉材料造成的破坏,保障超导托卡马克装置聚变试验的安全。

EAST （Experimental Advanced Superconductor Tokamak）is a nuclear experimental device with non-orbicular section. The vacuum vessel holds all PFCs （ Plasma Facing Components） which will undergo enormous stress for thermal and magnet change. In some conditions the biggest stress will exceed the ultimate intensity of stainless steel. The analysis was carried on to assess the stress condition of PFCs and the result shows the necessity to use lubricant. The testing for friction performance shows the metal base multilayer solid self-lubricating materials have the special gradient structure which can guarantee the high mechanical strength, and contribute to its excellent friction and wear performances and continuous lubrication functions. The finite element analysis and the thermal deformation testing show that the friction coefficient of the lubricating materials in vacuum is less than 0. 15, so it is effective to reduce the stress concentration of PFCs and insure the safeness of EAST physical experiment.