中小流域汛期降水时空分布集中程度与洪水关系研究

Study on Relationship between Flood and Precipitation Concentration Degree in Time and Space in Medium- and Small-sized River Basins

采用新定义的降水集中度和集中期的概念分别计算了鲇鱼山水库各个雨量站和水文站的降水径流集中度和集中期,讨论了降水的时空分布特征及其与洪水的关系。分析结果表明,降水的时空分布不均匀性对洪水的形成有十分明显的影响,且鲇鱼山水库流域降雨范围广,易形成大的洪水过程。降水量、降水集中度和集中期可以合理地分析降水的时空分布特征及其对洪水形成机制的影响。

The concentration degrees and periods of the precipitation at various rain gauging stations in the Nianyushan Reservoir watershed were respectively calculated according to the concept of precipitation concentration and period. The characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution and variation of precipitation were discussed. The results show that the spatial and temporal distribution and variation of precipitation play an important role in the flood generating. There is a wide precipitation range, which can easily produced floods. The precipitation, concentration degree and concentration period can be used to analyze the characteristics of precipitation in spatial and temporal distribution and the influence on the flood generating mechanism.