两类杂交棉制种效益分析及操作技术探讨

Benefit Analysis of Seed Production of Two Types of Hybrid Cotton and Discussion on Operation Techniques

对两种不同类型的杂交棉南农6号(利用核雄性不育系制种)、南农8号(利用人工去雄制种)进行制种,分析其成本、收益。结果表明,南农8号的制种产量(毛籽)要比南农6号高31.4%,但其制种用工几乎是南农6号的3倍,南农8号的制种毛利润反而比南农6号低28.7%左右。在目前劳动力价格较高且日益紧张的形势下,利用核雄性不育系制种显然要优于利用人工去雄制种。通过制种实践,对人工去雄制种提出了小瓶授粉,去雄时间推迟;对利用核雄性不育系制种提出播期提前,苗床搬钵,尽早去杂的观点。

Cost and yield of seed production of two types of hybrid cotton,i, e. Nannong 6 by utilizing nuclear male sterility and Nanong 8 by artificially removing pollen, were analyzed. The results showed that the hybrid cotton seed （ginned） yield of Nannong 8 was higher than that of Nannong 6 by 31.4%. However,the work amount of Nannong 8 was three times more than that of Nannong 6,the crude profit of the seed production of Nannong 8 was lower than that of Nannong 6 by 27.8%. Facing the current situation of high labor price and increasing labor strain, cotton hybrid seed production by utilizing nuclear male sterility is superior to by artificially removing pollen. In addition, according to our practice in hybrid cotton seed production, it is summarized that pollination with vial, postponed artificial emasculation is the suggested techniques for artificially removing pollen method, and sowing beforehand, moving pot in seedbed, and early weeding techniques for Nuclear male sterility utilization method.