汶川地震老年伤员康复需求调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of the Rehabilitative Needs of Old People Wounded in Wenchuan Earthquake

目的:了解汶川地震老年伤员存在的身体结构与功能受损程度及活动、参与能力受限程度,明确其康复护理需求。方法:方便抽样的方法选取研究对象,采用自行设计的调查表由康复医师在征得其同意后对其完成资料的收集。结果:共选取研究对象40名。伤员存在多系统多器官的结构和功能受损,存在呼吸道感染者4例(10%),截肢者2例(5%),颅脑损伤导致瘫痪者1例(2.5%),骨折者28例(70%)。伤后早期即出现运动功能的下降,26例(65%)患者存在关节活动受限,26例(65%)肌力下降。疼痛是需要解决的一个重要问题,19例(47.5%)患者存在不同程度的疼痛问题。伤后老年伤员日常活动生活能力下降,生活能基本自理者仅13例(32.5%);参与能力受限也是一个不容忽视的问题,职业能力受限者36例(90%),休闲娱乐能力受限者33例(82.5%),社交能力受限者25例(62.5%)。结论:老年伤员的康复现状不容乐观,应该引起重视,康复治疗需要及早进行。

Objective： Understand the extent of limitation of activity and participation and impairment of organs and function of old people wounded in Wenchuan Earthquake,make clear their rehabilitative and nursing needs.Methods： choose subjects with convenience sampling,self –made questionnaire was used to collect data.Results： 40 subjectswere studied.Multiple system organs were impaired of the wounded.4 wounded were attacked by respiratory tract infection,2 wounded become amputees,and one old people become paralysis because of brain injury,28 old people got bone fracture.Function decline occurred early after injury,26 old people suffered confined function of joints,26 old peopled suffered muscle strength descent.Pain was an important problem needed to be solved,19 old people sustained pain of inordinately.The activity of daily life of old people decreased after injury,only 13 old people can live independently;Confined ability of participation was one question that should not be neglected,competence of 36 old people was limited,ability of leisure and entertainment of 33 old people was restricted,while 25 old people was restricted in social interaction.Conclusion： The rehabilitative status was not optimistic,needing to be attached importance to.Rehabilitation therapy should be conducted as early as possible.