夹板治疗作用的生物力学评价

Biomechanical analysis of occlusal splint therapy

目的分析夹板对髁突在关节窝位置及受力状况的影响，探讨夹板的生物力学治疗机制。方法采用ＣＴ扫描、ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ技术、计算机图像分析方法及有限元法对颞下颌关节紊乱病患者戴与未戴夹板时颞下颌关节髁突位置及其应力分布特征进行对比。结果戴夹板后颞下颌关节前间隙变窄，上、后间隙变宽，髁突向前下移位；髁突应力明显降低，主要表现在功能承载区前斜面及外侧；双侧髁突应力对称性有所改善。

Objective The changes of the location and force of the condyle influenced by occlusal splint were investigated in order to know the biomechanical mechanism of occlusal splint therapy.Methods AutoCAD technology, CT scanning, computer imaging analysis measurement and finite element method were separately used to comparatively analyze condylar position and its stress distribution in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) treated with or without occlusal splint. Results Occlusal splint could lessen anterior space, in crease posterior and upper space in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), so the condylar position move anterioinferiorly; the stress on condylar surface was lowered, mainly in anterior oblique surface or lateral side of condylar loading position;and the stress symmetry was bilaterally improved. Occlusion The study suggests that regulating condylar position and improving the stress distribution is considered one of biomechanical mechanism of occlusal splint treatment.