成都市传染病医院2008年犬伤门诊病例流行病学调查

Chengdu Infectious Disease Hospital 2008 Epidemiological Investigation of Dog Injury Clinical Out-patient Cases

目的：分析犬伤暴露后到我院犬伤门诊就诊病例的流行病学相关因素，为制定狂犬病的防治策略提供科学依据。方法：采用描述性统计方法根据犬伤门诊记录，对就诊患者的年龄、性别、发病时间、暴露级别、伤口处理、疫苗接种和犬伤Ⅲ度暴露者狂犬免疫球蛋白的接种及伤人犬只情况等相关因素进行统计。结果：2008年我院犬伤门诊共接诊2589例，咬伤人犬只的接种率为46．26％。就诊病例的年龄有两个高峰，分别是0～10岁组和21～30岁组。就诊时间除1～2月和11～12月病例较少外，全年各月份均在198～342人之间。犬伤暴露后，只有2．16％病例及时、正确地处理了伤口。100％的犬伤暴露者进行了狂犬疫苗的注射。犬伤Ⅲ度暴露中，狂犬免疫球蛋白的使用仅为28.4％。结论：加强犬类动物的管理，对家犬实行免疫，加强对低年龄组儿童的保护。做好狂犬病的防治和知识的宣传工作，合理设置犬伤医学门诊。加大政府投入力度提供全程、免费接种服务。

Objective： Analysis of epidemiological factors for the hospital out-patient treatment cases after injuries in dogs and exposure to trauma. Provide a scientific basis For the development of rabies control strategies. Methods： Using descriptive statistical methods based on out-patient records of injured by dog. Research on statistics of assaultrelated factors for patients such as age, sex, incidence of time, exposure level, wound treatment, vaccination and dog Ⅲ degree of injury from exposure vaccination and the situation of dogs. Results： There were 2589 cases of hospital out-patient reception of injury by dogs in 2008 in our hospital. Vaccination rate for biting dogs is 46.26%. There are two peaks of age for treated patient, 0 to 10-year-old group and 21 to 30-year-old group separately. Except for the fewer cases in January-February and November-December, the numbers of patients throughout the year are between 198- 342. After the exposure of injury, only 2. 16% of cases was treated correctly and in time. 100% of cases have been taken rabies vaccine injections. The use of rabies immune globulin is only 28.4% in dog Ⅲ degree of injury from exposure. Conclusion： Improve the management of canine animals and immunization of dogs. Enhance the protection of lower age groups the protection of children. Improve the knowledge of rabies prevention and advocacy work. Set up the clinic reasonablely. Increase government investment to provide full, free immunization services.