压力蒸汽灭菌湿包的原因分析与控制

Wet Pack after Steam Sterilization:Analysis and Management

目的探讨压力蒸汽灭菌湿包原因,制定相应的控制方法并实施,以减少湿包的发生。方法通过回顾性调查,对2000年5月-2007年8月的湿包进行分析评价,总结相关影响因素,采取相应的控制措施于2007年9月-2008年3月实施,并与控制前2007年1-8月进行比较。结果2000年5月-2007年8月共有1943个湿包产生,湿包率为0.37%;其中灭菌器、装载、包装、冷却方面的原因分别为35.1%、33.12%、25.68%、6.10%;采取控制措施后湿包率由控制前的0.32%降至0.11%,差异有统计学意义(2χ=42.5,P<0.05)。结论湿包原因是由于技术操作和设备方面的因素引起,加强人员操作的规范管理,正确装载,良性运行灭菌器,规范包装,恰当冷却能明显降低湿包发生。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the reason of the wet pack after steam sterilization, in order to put forward the countermeasures and apply them to our work for reducing the number of wet pack. METHODS The results of wet pack were evaluated from May 2005 to Aug 2007 retrospectively. The countermeasures were applied to our work from Sep 2007 to Mar 2008 and compared with before （from Jan to Aug）. RESULTS There were 1943 wet packs appeared, the wet pack ratio was 0.37 %. Reasons of the wet pack including the factors about sterilizer（35.1%）, load（33.12% ）, preparedness（25.68%） and cooling（6.10%）. The ratio of wet pack had decreased from 0. 32% to 0.11% after controls （X^2= 42.5 ,P〈0. 005）. CONCLUSIONS The causes of wet pack are due to technique and equipment factors respectively. The ratio of wet pack would be decreased clearly with the management of staff＇s standard operation , keeping the sterilizer working order, correct cooling and load and have sufficient preparedness.