青年男女膝关节屈伸肌群达到峰值力矩时关节角度变化规律的等速肌力测试

Isokinetic test of ankle changes after reaching peak torque of flexion and extension muscles of knee joints in the youth

背景:人体各关节灵活程度不同,但屈伸运动都是具备的,在日常活动当中,屈伸运动也是最为常见的,但关节屈伸时在何角度产生的力矩是最大的呢?目的:掌握膝关节屈伸时发挥最大肌力的关节角度,为运动健身、训练提供理论指导。设计、时间及地点:对比观察,试验于2008-04/06在郑州大学体育学院实验室进行。对象:自愿参加测试的大学生男女各30名。方法:测试仪器使用澳大利亚产Kinitech等速肌力测试系统,按照Kinitech等速肌力测试系统手册要求对参试者膝关节进行固定并测试,3种测试速度为慢速60(°)/s、中速120(°)/s和快速240(°)/s。主要观察指标:膝关节屈伸肌群的峰值力矩、达到峰值力矩时关节角度。结果:在速度为60(°)/s时,男女左屈肌小于右屈肌达到峰值力矩的关节角度,且左伸肌小于右伸肌;男子右屈肌达到峰值力矩的关节角度大于左屈肌,且女子与男子相同。在速度为120(°)/s时,男子屈伸肌达到峰值力矩的关节角度差异不显著,女子右伸肌达到峰值力矩的关节角度大于左伸肌。在速度为240(°)/s时,男子左屈肌达到峰值力矩的关节角度大于右屈肌,而左伸肌和右伸肌差异不存在显著性。女子左右屈伸肌差异也不存在显著性。结论:自然发育下人体存在优势腿,在不同速度下达到峰值力矩的关节角度有所不同,在日常运动健身时尽可能的全面训练,使屈伸肌群得到全面发展。

BACKGROUND： The flexibility of the human body joints is different, but flexion and extension is usual and common in daily life. What ankle can reach the peak torque in joint flexion and extension？ OBJECTIVE： To learn the knee joint angle of exerting the maximal strength in flexion and extension, and to provide the theoretical guidance of proper exercise and training. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A contrast observation was performed at the laboratory of Institute of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University between April and June in 2008. PARTICIPANTS： College student volunteers, 30 boys and 30 girls. METHODS： Kinitech isokinetic testing system （Kylingk, Australia） was used to test the flexion and extension muscles of knee joint, according to the Kinitech isokinetic testing requirements of the manual system. The testing speed was classified as three levels, slow 60（°）/s, medium 120（°）/s and fast 240（°）/s. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Peak torque values of flexion and extension muscles in knee joints; Joint ankle when reaching the peak torque. RESULTS： No matter the flexion or the extension, the ankle of left peak torque was less than right at the speed of 60（°）/s; The ankle of left flexor peak torque in men and women was less than right flexor; At the speed of 120（°）/s, the joint ankle of left peak torque in men had no difference with right, while in women, the right extensor peak torque was greater than left extensor; At the speed of 240（°）/s, the ankle of left flexor peak torque in men was greater than right extensor, and the extensor in two sides had no significant difference. Also no significance was found in flexor and extensor between left side and right side in women. CONCLUSION： There is a natural development of the human body for the leg advantage. At different speeds, the joint angles of reaching peak torque are different. It is necessary to do all-round fitness training for daily exercise to develop flexion and extension muscles.