分布式浮标阵水下高速运动声源三维被动定位

Three dimensional passive localization based on distributed buoy array for underwater moving sound source with high speed

给出一种用于垂直爬升弹道三维坐标精确测量的分布式浮标网络超长基线宽带被动定位技术。考虑四个呈正方形布局的浮标节点,利用水平方位角交汇的定位方法测量上浮弹道的水平x、y坐标,水平方位角估计由灵巧的声矢量传感器替代常规阵得到,并给出定向误差小于0.4°的湖试结果;利用直达声和海面反射声之间的时延差提取弹道的垂直坐标z,并给出了高速运动目标垂直爬升弹道的海试测量结果,弹道测量误差小于10 m。

A very long baseline wideband passive localization method based on distributed buoy network for accurately measuring 3D vertical climbing trajectory was presented. Four buoy nodes distributed squarely are considered in this paper. Horizontal position x and y can be estimated by use of the localization methods based on azimuths crossing. Azimuth estimation can be obtained using smart acoustic vector sensor instead of conventional antenna. A result from a lake test shows that azimuth estimation error is lower than 0.4 deg. And vertical position z can be extracted from TDD （Time Delay Difference） between direct and surface reflect paths, and give on-sea test results for climbing mobile target with high speed, which shows that trajectory measurement error is lower than 10 m.