胆木叶中主要营养与功能成分分析

Analysis of primary nutritional and functional composition in nauclea officinalis leaves

以胆木叶为原料,分别对它的水分、粗蛋白、脂肪、还原糖、可溶性固形物、氨基酸、Vc、微量元素、单宁、总黄酮、总黄酮甙、生物碱的含量进行分析测定。研究结果表明:胆木叶营养丰富,其中脂肪、蛋白质和水分的含量较高,人体必需氨基酸含量为4.72%,占氨基酸总量的43.92%,而还原糖和可溶性固形物的含量则较低。在所测定的几种微量元素中,只有Se未检出,但K、P和Ca的含量丰富,特别是钾含量高达2.36%,而钠含量仅46.50mg/kg,这种高钾低钠特性,是预防高血压的一种良好食物来源。其中Mn、Mg、Fe含量也非常丰富,分别达到了517.70、460.00mg/kg和140.50mg/kg。而胆木叶中功能性成分以总黄酮、总黄酮甙和生物碱的含量较高,尤其是生物碱的含量高达3.46%。表明胆木叶是一种富含营养的植物原料。

The moisture content, protein, fat, reducing sugar, solubility sugar, amino acid, Vc, microelement, tannic, total flavone, total flavonoid glycoside and alkaloid of nauclea officinalis leaves were analyzed in the paper. The results showed that its nutrition is abundance. The content of fat, protein and moisture content are higher. And the essential amino acid is about 4.72%, accounting for 43.92% of the total amount of amino acids. But reducing sugar and solubility sugar are in low lever. In all data of microelement Se is the only element without it, while it has a number of K, P and Ca, especially the content of K is up to 2.36% and Na only has 46.5 mg/kg. Those analyses showed that it is the good source of food to prevent from high blood pressure. Meanwhile Mn, Mg and Fe are rich as well. The content are 517.7 mg/kg, 460.0 mg/kg and 140.5 mg/kg respectively. The total flavone, total flavonoid glycoside and alkaloid have higher compositions in functional active components of nauclea officinalis leaves, in particular, the alkaloid content are up to 3.46%. On the basis of these analyses, it can be concluded that nauclea officinalis leaves is an excellent food material with a rich nutrition value.