天津蓟县农村老年人尿失禁的现况调查

Cross-sectional study on urinary incontinence in elderly people of rural areas in Jixian County, Tianjin

目的了解天津蓟县农村老年人尿失禁的患病情况及流行病学特征，为制定农村老年人尿失禁的防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法抽取天津市蓟县所辖的2个乡（镇）卫生院60岁及以上老年人，按统一设计的调查问卷内容以面对面询问的方式进行人户调查，以X^2检验对患病率情况进行统计学分析。结果共调查746人，获有效问卷743份，老年人尿失禁患病率为33．4％（248／743），其中男性为22．8％（81／356），女性为43．2％（167／387），女性患病率高于男性（X^2=34．70，P〈O．0001）。60～、65～、70～、75～、80～、85～95岁年龄组尿失禁患病率分别为28．6％、32．1％、34．1％、35．5％、47．8％、30．0％，随增龄尿失禁患病率呈升高趋势（X^2趋势=4．79，P=0．029）。本组老年人以混合性尿失禁（MUI）最多见，压力性尿失禁（SUI）、急迫性尿失禁（UUI）、混合性尿失禁（MUI）和其他类型尿失禁患病率构成比分别为27．4％、1．2％、60．9％和i0．5％。在各年龄组老年人中，也均以MUI患病率最高。所有年龄组中，SUI、UUI在60～岁年龄组患病率高于其他年龄组，MUI在80～95岁年龄组患病率高于其他年龄组结论天津市蓟县农村老年人尿失禁患病率较高。

Objective To understand the prevalence of urinary incontinence （UI） and its epidemiological characteristics in rural elderly people and to lay a scientific foundation for formulating the strategies of prevention and treatment for UI. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in two townships of Jixian County, Tianjin. People aged 60 years and over were selected with cluster sampling, and the prevalence of UI and its epidemiological characteristics were collected with a standardized structured questionnaire by face to face interview. Results Prevalence of UI was 33.4% among the people aged 60 years and over in two townships, and it was increased with ageing. The elderly women had a higher prevalence of UI than the elderly man （43.2% vs. 22.8%, P〈 0. 0001）. The prevalences of UI in groups of 60-, 65-, 70 , 75-, 80-, 85-95 years old were 28.6%, 32.1%,34. 1% ,35.5%,47.8% and 30.0%, respectively, and increased with ageing （X^2 for tread=2.19, P=0. 029）. Mixed UI （MUI） was the most common in different types of UI, and the constitution ratios of stress UI （SUI）, urge UI （UUI）, MUI and other type of UI were 27.4%, 1.2%, 60.9%, 10.5%, respectively. The prevalence of MUI was the highest among the four types of UI in each age group. In all age groups, the prevalences of SUI and UUI were the highest in 60- age group, and the prevalence of MUI was the highest in 80 - 95 age group. Conclusions Prevalence of UI is high among the elderly people in rural areas of Jixian County, Tianjin.