抗除草剂转基因水稻花粉漂移距离及生态风险分析

The Drift Distance of Pollen from Herbicide Resistant Transgenic Rice and Ecological Risk Assessment

以抗除草剂转基因水稻Bar68-1及其杂种香125S/Bar68-1为花粉源,探讨了转基因水稻的花粉漂移距离和漂移频率,结果表明:在花粉源大(667m2)、花粉受体为可育植株时转基因水稻的最大花粉漂移距离<30m,最大漂移频率0.295%;当花粉源小(4m2)、花粉受体为部分可育的两系不育系时,最大花粉漂移距离<9m,最大漂移频率4.518%。因此,通常情况下,转基因水稻向正常可育的栽培稻转移基因的可能性小。另据分析,普通野生稻向栽培稻转移基因的可能性极低;湖南和江西栽培稻向普通野生稻转移基因的可能性小,两广和海南地区需要采取距离和障碍隔离防止栽培稻向普通野生稻转移基因。

The pollen drift distance and gene flow percentage of the herbicide resistant transgenic rice Bar 68 - 1 and its F1 hybrid Xiang 125S/Bar68 - 1 were studied. The resuhs showed that the maximal drift distance of pollen from herbicide resistant transgenic rice was less than 30 m and the maximal gene flow percentage was O. 295% when the pollen receptor was a normal rice variety and the pollen resources were abundant （667 m2） , while the maximal drift distance of pollen from herbicide resistant transgenic rice was less than 9 m and the maximal gene flow percentage was 4. 518% when the pollen receptor was a PTGMS line with a partial fertility of about 30% and the pollen resources were small （4 mE ）. Therefore, the probability of gene flow from transgenic rice to normally fertile cultivated rice is usually low. In addition, the analysis indicated the gene flow from common wild rice to rice cuhi- vats had a very low probability. The probability of gene flow from cuhivars to common wild rice in Hunan and Jian- gxi was low, but in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan, the measures such as space or obstacle barrier isolations should be taken to prevent gene flow from cultivated rice to common wild rice.