从废弃镍基电池中回收有价金属的研究进展

Research Development of Valuable Metals Recycling from Used Nickel-based Batteries

随着电子产业迅猛发展,废弃电池已成为重要的污染源,在废弃的二次充电电池中,镍基电池约占60%～80%,这些电池中含有大量镍、钴、铁、不锈钢等有用成分,而且某些金属成分在自然界中还是稀有资源,对废旧镍基电池回收利用的研究是非常有价值的,本文介绍了从废弃镍基电池中回收利用有价金属的研究进展,着重介绍了火法冶金技术、湿法冶金技术及其他新技术从废旧镍镉电池、废旧镍氢电池中回收利用有价金属的研究,最后对现有的废弃电池回收体系提出了建议。

With the rapid development of the electronics industry, waste batteries has become a major source of pollution, in waste rechargeable battery, nickel-based batteries is accounted for about 60%-80%, in these batteries include a large mumble of Ni, Co, the iron, the stainless steel and other useful ingredient, moreover certain metal ingredients are rare natural resources, so the recycling of used nickel-based battery research is very valuable. This paper introduces the research development of valuable metals recycling process from used nickel-based batteries, and then focuses on the using of pyrometallurgy technology, the hydrometallurgy technology and other new technologies to recycle valuable metals from the used nickel-cadmium batteries and Ni-MH batteries. Finally several proposals to the existing used battery recycling system are put forward.