从回族语言看其民族认同

Study on Hui National Identity by the Language of Hui Nationality

在中国信仰伊斯兰教的十个民族中,只有回族没有自己的语言,通用汉语。但经语言学协会的实际调查发现,其实回族使用的汉语很有特色,其间夹杂着很多阿拉伯语、波斯语借词。[1]回族语言的这种独特性与回族的历史是有很大关系的。虽然伊斯兰教是回族民族认同的最重要因素,但是回族语言在某种程度上作为表征民族性的符号,在其日常生活中运用的更加广泛。因此,以阿拉伯语、波斯语借词为特色的回族语言,在一定程度上促进了回族的民族认同。

Ten nationalities who believe in Islam in China have their own language except Hui nationality who speaks Chinese. After investigated by the methods of Linguistics community ,we found the Chinese used by Hui nationality has many characteristic and many Arabic and Persian elements are mixed in it. The characteristic of Hui national language is related to the history of Hui nationality. Although the most important factor is Islam in Hui national identi- ty, Hui national language as a symbol represents nationality used widely in daily life. Therefore, Hui national is special in borrowings of Arabic and Persian which promotes Hui national identity to a certain extent.