不同穗型水稻群体中温湿度特征的研究

Characters of Temperature and Humidity in Colony of Rice Cultivars with Different Type

气象条件是影响水稻产量和品质的重要环境因子,而小气候对水稻的生长发育作用更直接。为了研究水稻田间的温湿度特征,以不同穗型的3个品种沈稻11、辽粳294和沈农9816为试材,用HOBO(HO8-007-02)温湿度采集器记录群体中2/3高度的温度和湿度。结果表明,白天不同品种水稻群体中温度和相对湿度的日变化趋势与大气一致。水稻群体中露点温度的脉动远大于温度和相对湿度,总的趋势是中午露点温度较高。不同水稻群体中温度的差异小于湿度。8月上旬—9月中旬水稻灌浆结实期,不同穗型群体中的温、湿度差异逐渐增大,弯穗品种群体中的温度低于直立、半直立穗品种,湿度大于直立、半直立穗品种,直立和半直立穗品种之间的差别不太大,这对直立和半直立穗提高产量和品质是有利的。

The meteorological factors are important environmental factors which affect the yield and quality of rice, and the microclimate condition in paddy field is directly connected with the growth and development of rice. Field experiments were conducted in paddy field to investigate the features of temperature and humidity in the field. The different varieties （Shendao-ll, Liaojing-294, Shennong-9816） were used in the experiments. Temperature, relative humidity and dew point temperature at 2/3 plant height were collected by using HOBO （HO8-007-02） data collector. The results indicated that among the different rice cuhivars colonise of rice varieties, the diurnal variation of the temperature and humidity was consistent with the atmosphere. The pulsatile change of dew point in colonies was bigger than that of temperature and humidity. The variational current of dew point was high at noon. The difference of humidity was much larger than the difference of temperature in rice colonies. From the first ten days of August to middle September, the rice was during the filling stage, the difference of temperature and humidity in colonies of rice cultivars were gradual augmentation. The temperature in colony of curved panicle cultivar was higher than that of erect and semi-erect panicle cultivars from August to the middle ten days of September. But the humidity in colony of curved panicle cuhivar was lower than that of erect and semi-erect panicle cultivars at the same period. The distinction of temperature and humidity in colonies were unconspicuous between the erect and semi-erect panicle cultivars. These results are favorable to achieve high yield and quality.