赤子爱胜蚓堆制处理秸秆和牛粪混合废弃物的研究

Vermicomposting of Combination of Crop Stem and Cow Dung by Eisenia foetida

【目的】利用蚯蚓堆制处理碳氮比为20,25,30的小麦秸与牛粪、玉米秸与牛粪的组合,研究堆制过程中蚯蚓的生长繁殖及培养基的理化性状,以期为合理的利用秸秆提供理论依据。【方法】将牛粪和小麦秸秆、玉米秸秆按照碳氮比20,25,30搭配,按8ind/100g风干物质种蚯蚓后,在相同的条件下饲养,分别于15,30,45,60天时破坏性取样,测定蚯蚓的生长繁殖及培养基的理化性状。【结果】随着时间的增加,蚯蚓的均重、日增重、日繁殖倍数均降低,且不同时期、不同组合、不同碳氮比间均差异显著(P<0.05),蚯蚓总数先升高后降低。不同碳氮比之间的日生殖倍数间差异显著(P<0.05),以碳氮比25最佳,其次是20、30,但二者之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。有机碳含量和碳氮比随着时间的增加而降低,且不同时期、不同组合间差异显著(P<0.05);全氮含量随着时间的增加而增加,且不同时期和不同组合间差异显著(P<0.05)。【结论】时期和组合对蚯蚓的生长繁殖指标和培养基的理化性状指标都有显著的影响(P<0.05);以碳氮比20最有利于蚯蚓的生长,碳氮比25最有利于蚯蚓的繁殖;小麦与牛粪组合的生长繁殖均优于玉米与牛粪的组合。

[Objective] In order to provide theoretical basis for making corn stem） and cow dung, a trail was conducted to estimate the Eisenia full use of crop stem （wheat stem and foetida growth and reproduction performance, physico-chemical index of the vermibed in the combinations of the residues. [Methods] The crop stem and cow dung were combined by the C：N ratio of 20, 25, 30. Each pot include 100 g air-dried residue and 8 ind worm, which were sampled at 15, 30, 45, 60days. Growth, reproduction performance and physico-chemical index were determined. [Result] The results indicated that individual weight, growth rate, reproduction rate declined with the growth. Growth index had difference among period, C：N ratio and combination （P〈0.05）. Total number of worms increased at first, then declined. Reproduction rate had difference among different C：N ratio （P 〈 0.05）. TOC and C：N ratio declined with the growth, but TKN increased with the growth, all of them had difference between period, combines and C：N ratio （P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] Growth and reproduction performance and physico-chemical index had difference between period, combinations and C：N ratio（P 〈 0.05）. C：N ratio of 20 is beneficial to growth, C：N ratio of 25 is favorable to reproduction. As far as the growth and reproduction performance, the combination of wheat residues and cow dung is better than the combination of corn stem and cow dung.